Description

Urooncology Center

Urooncology Diseases and Treatments

1. Prostate cancer treatment method

Prostate needle biopsy: Male patients are screened
annually for prostate cancer, the occurrence of which increases after the age
of 40, using digital rectal examination (DRE) and blood prostate specific
antigen (PSA) level measurements. Patients with suspicious examination findings
and/or PSA values are subject to multiple prostate needle biopsy under general
anesthesia in the Same Day Surgery service (SDS).

Robotic Radical Prostatectomy: Patients diagnosed with
prostate cancer as a result of pathologic examinations are treated by Robotic
Radical Prostatectomy operation.

Open surgery: Open surgery can be used in patients who
are not suitable for robotic surgery.

Hormone therapy (HT) and Radiation Therapy (RT): Hormone
therapy (HT) and radiation therapy (RT) lead to successful results in patients
with locally advanced prostate cancer or who are not suitable for surgery.

Other therapies: In widespread metastatic disease,
surgical orchidectomy (removal of testicles) or medical (hormone therapy)
castration and chemotherapy are used.

2. Bladder cancer In this type of cancer which is known to be closely
related to smoking, the first sign is mostly urinary bleeding. Most of the
bladder cancers are diagnosed at the early stage, and are inclined to reoccur
frequently and to advance if not treated. In patients who apply with urinary
bleeding, the urinary bladder is examined for tumor using cystoscopy.

Treatment method Transurethral Resection for Bladder Tumor (TUR-MB): If a
tumor is detected, transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TUR-BT) is
performed using endoscopy.

Chemotherapy: To prevent superficial bladder tumors,
one-time chemotherapy drugs may be administered into the bladder as a
complementary treatment.

Cystoscopy. According to pathology results, patients with
tumors limited to the surface are checked once every 3 months using cystoscopy.

Radical Cystectomy: If muscle invasive carcinoma of the
bladder is detected as a result of pathologic examinations, it may be necessary
to remove the pelvic lymph nodes and to make a new bladder from the small
intestine. Known as Radical Cystectomy, this operation can be performed using
robotic or open surgery.

Other therapies: Patients who are not suitable for
surgery should be treated with a combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy
(RT -CT). In case of widespread metastatic disease, chemotherapy is used after
cystectomy.

3. Testicular Tumors Testicular tumors are important as they may be seen in
young males at reproductive age and can be treated at high rates with
appropriate life-saving therapies.

Treatment method:

Inguinal orchiectomy: In case tumor is suspected in
patients with a testicular mass, surgery is planned immediately, and the testis
with a tumor is immediately removed using inguinal orchiectomy. Thereafter the
whole body is scanned with computed tomography (CT). In treatment follow-up,
BHCG, AFP and LDH serum levels are used as tumor markers. As testicular tumors
exhibit different behaviours according to their pathologic structures,
monitoring and treatment approaches are determined accordingly.

Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection (RPLND): In
patients with lymph node metastasis around the aorta and vena cava in the
retroperitoneal space, these tumor tissues are removed completely by Lymph Node
Dissection (RPLND).

Other therapies: According to pathologic examination
results, the patients may have to take additional chemotherapy (CT) and
radiotherapy (RT).

4. Kidney cancer

5. Adrenal gland tumors

6. Retroperitoneal tumors